JDBC is a Java API for executing SQL statements¹. It consists of a set of
classes and interfaces written in Java. Although JDBC resembles Microsoft
Corporation's Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) API, JDBC provides a more
natural Java interface. It does, however, build on ODBC, so people familiar with
ODBC will find it easy to use JDBC. Both JDBC and ODBC are based on the X/Open
SQL CLI (Call Level Interface).
Using JDBC, SQL statements can be sent
to virtually any database management system (DBMS). It is used as an interface
for both relational and object DBMSs.
JDBC uses the call-level approach when using the Java programming language.
This is illustrated by the JDBC statements in this diagram.

An example of a JDBC statement that creates a new Person instance would be:
PreparedStatement insertPerson =
con.prepareStatement(
"INSERT INTO PERSON " +
"VALUES (?,?)");
insertPerson.setString(1,
"999999999");
insertPerson.setString(2, "Doug Barry");
insertPerson.executeUpdate();
If you also wanted to manipulate this new Person instance in the host
program, you would need Java code in addition to this code fragment that
populates the instance in Java along with the instance in the database. Also see
transparent
persistence vs. JDBC call-level interface (new
window).
For
an architectural example of how JDBC can be used, see using
JDBC with application servers (new
window).
¹ JDBC is a trademarked name and is not an acronym. JDBC, however, is often
mistakenly thought to stand for "Java Database Connectivity."

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